Manufacturer: Graham Manufacturing Company Headquarters: Batavia, New York Founded: 1936 Documented Asbestos Use: Mid-twentieth century (era of industrial asbestos use) Product Categories: Steam-jet air and main ejectors; surface condensers and heat exchangers Legal Status: Tier 2 — Named in asbestos litigation; no bankruptcy trust established
Company History
The Graham Manufacturing Company traces its roots to 1936, when it was incorporated to design and build steam-jet ejector equipment and surface condensers. The company’s manufacturing operations moved to Batavia, New York, in the early 1940s, where it became established as a maker of vacuum and heat-transfer equipment. During World War II, Graham concentrated heavily on the manufacture of surface condensers and heat exchangers for shipboard applications, and it developed the Heliflow heat exchanger — a compact heat-transfer product used for boiler sample cooling and other duties — during this period.
After the war, Graham broadened into engineered vacuum systems, surface condensers, ejectors, and heat-transfer products for the oil-refining, petrochemical, chemical, and power-generation markets. The company’s ejectors and heat exchangers became fixtures in steam-driven vacuum and condensing systems across industry and aboard ship. This corporate background is relevant to individuals researching exposure history and legal options, because successor liability and corporate relationships can affect which legal entities may be named in asbestos-related claims.
During the decades when Graham equipment was most widely installed — roughly the 1940s through the early 1980s — asbestos was a standard material in the gaskets and steam-line insulation used with condensing and heat-transfer equipment. According to asbestos litigation records, ejectors, condensers, and heat exchangers of this era were commonly assembled with, or installed alongside, asbestos-containing gaskets and insulation.
Asbestos-Containing Products
Graham Manufacturing did not manufacture asbestos as a raw material. However, according to asbestos litigation records, the company’s ejectors, condensers, and heat exchangers were designed and serviced with asbestos-containing components that plaintiffs have alleged were integral to the equipment during the period of its manufacture and distribution.
Gaskets used to seal condenser waterboxes, heat-exchanger heads, ejector bodies, and flanged connections were, according to court filings, commonly composed of compressed asbestos fiber during the mid-twentieth century. Plaintiffs have alleged that equipment of this type was shipped with asbestos-containing gaskets in place and that replacement gaskets specified for the equipment were similarly composed of asbestos-containing materials.
Thermal insulation applied to ejectors, condensers, and heat-transfer equipment operating on high-temperature steam was, according to asbestos litigation records, often asbestos-containing lagging or block insulation supplied by third parties. Court filings document allegations that removal or repair of this insulation during maintenance could release respirable fibers.
Packing used to seal valves and moving elements associated with ejector and condenser assemblies was, plaintiffs have alleged, frequently braided or compressed asbestos packing that could be disturbed during servicing.
Because gaskets, insulation, and packing degrade under heat and pressure, they required periodic replacement. Each removal of a worn asbestos-containing component — a task plaintiffs allege typically involved scraping, wire brushing, or cutting — is described in litigation records as a potential source of airborne asbestos fibers.
Documented Aboard U.S. Navy Vessels
Navy machinery records document Graham air ejectors, main ejectors, and heat exchangers as original-equipment components installed aboard United States Navy vessels, including the aircraft carriers USS Nimitz (CVN-68) and USS Forrestal (CVA-59). As documented naval OEM equipment, this machinery operated within shipboard steam, vacuum, and condensing systems in which, according to asbestos litigation records, asbestos-containing gaskets and thermal insulation were the standard sealing and insulating materials of the era.
Occupational Exposure
According to asbestos litigation records, exposure to asbestos-containing components associated with Graham equipment could occur across a range of industrial and marine occupations. The following worker categories appear with regularity in asbestos claims involving condensing and heat-transfer equipment of this type:
Boiler Operators and Steam-Plant Workers who maintained ejectors, condensers, and heat exchangers in powerhouses and process plants routinely handled the gaskets and insulation associated with this equipment.
Pipefitters and Steamfitters who connected condensers and heat exchangers into steam and vacuum piping handled gaskets at flanged connections and broke apart old joints to replace failed seals — tasks that plaintiffs allege could disturb asbestos-containing materials.
Insulators and Laggers who applied or removed thermal insulation on hot condensing and heat-transfer equipment are described in litigation records as among the trades most directly exposed to asbestos-containing lagging.
Navy Machinist’s Mates and Shipboard Engineers who operated and maintained air ejectors, condensers, and heat exchangers aboard ship may have encountered asbestos-containing components during routine servicing at sea and in overhaul.
Shipyard and Overhaul Workers who installed or repaired this equipment during vessel construction and refit may have encountered asbestos-containing gaskets and lagging associated with it.
Bystander and Secondary Exposure — Asbestos litigation records also reflect claims by workers who did not directly service this equipment but worked in proximity to those who did, as fibers released during gasket scraping or insulation removal can travel through a work area.
The latency period for asbestos-related diseases — including mesothelioma, asbestosis, and asbestos-related lung cancer — is typically between 20 and 50 years following initial exposure. Workers who serviced this equipment during the peak decades of asbestos use may only now be receiving diagnoses of asbestos-related illness.
Trust Fund / Legal Status
Graham Manufacturing Company is classified as a Tier 2 manufacturer for purposes of this reference site. This designation means the company has been named in asbestos-related litigation but has not established a dedicated asbestos bankruptcy trust fund. Accordingly, claims involving Graham equipment are not resolved through a trust fund claims process in the manner of claims against companies that reorganized under Chapter 11 specifically due to asbestos liability.
Plaintiffs have alleged in asbestos cases that manufacturers of ejectors, condensers, and heat exchangers bore responsibility for asbestos-containing components associated with their products. This article does not represent any specific litigation outcome as established legal fact.
Because Graham has operated and evolved over many decades, individuals pursuing legal claims may need to account for corporate history when identifying appropriate defendants. An experienced asbestos attorney can assist in tracing corporate relationships and identifying responsible parties.
For individuals who worked with Graham equipment and were also exposed to asbestos-containing products from other manufacturers — a common circumstance in steam plants and aboard ship — separate trust fund claims may be available through those manufacturers’ established asbestos trusts.
Summary: Legal Options for Affected Workers and Families
If you or a family member worked with or around Graham ejectors, condensers, or heat exchangers and has since been diagnosed with mesothelioma, asbestosis, or asbestos-related lung cancer, legal options may be available.
Key points to understand:
- Graham Manufacturing has been named in asbestos litigation but does not operate an asbestos bankruptcy trust fund. Claims would be pursued through direct civil litigation rather than a trust claims process.
- Corporate history over the company’s many decades of operation may be relevant to identifying proper defendants.
- Workers exposed to multiple asbestos-containing products — as was common in steam plants, shipyards, and aboard Navy vessels — may be eligible to file claims against multiple responsible parties, including manufacturers with established trust funds.
- The long latency period for asbestos-related disease means that exposure from decades ago can give rise to claims today.
- An attorney specializing in asbestos litigation can review your work history, identify relevant products and manufacturers, and advise on available legal remedies.
Documentation of your work history — including employers, job sites, job titles, and any product names or model numbers you can recall — is valuable when consulting with an attorney and should be preserved.
This reference article is provided for informational purposes to workers, families, and legal professionals researching asbestos exposure history. It does not constitute legal advice. Product identification and litigation history are drawn from publicly available court records and regulatory documentation.